Author(s):
Shoma Rizkifani, Sri Wahdaningsih, Eka Kartika Untari, William Rinaldi
Email(s):
sriwahdaningsih.apt@pharm.untan.ac.id
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2026.00106 
Address:
Shoma Rizkifani1, Sri Wahdaningsih1,2*, Eka Kartika Untari1, William Rinaldi1
1Pharmacy Department of Medicine Faculty, Tanjungpura University, Hadari Nawawi Street, Pontianak 78124, West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
2Tropical Herbal Center of Science and Technology, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak, 78124, West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 19,
Issue - 2,
Year - 2026
ABSTRACT:
As a traditional medicine to treat wounds and pain, bawang dayak leaves are widely used by the community. Bawang dayak leaves have anti-inflammatory effects because they contain flavonoid compounds (naphthoquinone and its derivatives), alkaloids and tannins. This research aims to test the anti-inflammatory effects of bawang dayak leaves 70% ethanol extract in male white rats that had a carrageenan induction. The anti-inflammatory activity test was performed in 5 test groups, namely the 1% Sodium CMC suspension group (negative control), the 6.3mg/kgBW diclofenac sodium group (positive control), and 3 groups at an extract dose of 240mg/kgBW, 480mg/kgBW and 960mg/kgBW. The parameters observed in this study were the reduction in swelling volume of rats paw pads after administration of 0.3ml of 1% carrageenan induction over an observation period of 8hours. The results obtained from the average percentage of edema at the 8th hour were the CMC-Na suspension group of 46.02%, diclofenac sodium of 1.46%, bawang dayak leaves ethanol extract with a dose of 240mg/kgBW showed 2.34%, at a dose of 480mg/kgBW showed 10.48% and at a dose of 960mg/kgBW showed 22.95%. Statistical test with one-way ANOVA showed significant differences between CMC Na control group, diclofenac sodium control group and 240mg/kg BW dose group. From these results, it can be concluded that bawang dayak leaves 70% ethanol extract has anti-inflammatory activity.
Cite this article:
Shoma Rizkifani, Sri Wahdaningsih, Eka Kartika Untari, William Rinaldi. Anti-Inflammatory Activity Test of 70% Ethanol Extract of Bawang Dayak Leaves (Eleutherine americana) in Carrageenan-Induced White Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2026;19(2):731-5. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2026.00106
Cite(Electronic):
Shoma Rizkifani, Sri Wahdaningsih, Eka Kartika Untari, William Rinaldi. Anti-Inflammatory Activity Test of 70% Ethanol Extract of Bawang Dayak Leaves (Eleutherine americana) in Carrageenan-Induced White Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2026;19(2):731-5. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2026.00106 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2026-19-2-35
REFERENCES:
1. Corwin EJ. Handbook of Pathophysiology. 3rd edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2008. 750 p.
2. Sapada E, Asmalinda W. Buku Ajar Patofisiologi [Internet]. Malang: Literasi Nusantara Abadi; 2022
3. Ifmaily I, Islamiyah SB, Fitriani PR. Effect of White Turmeric Leaf Gel (Curcuma zedoaria (christm.) Roscoe) as an Anti-Inflammatory with Carrageenan Induction Method and Granuloma Pockets in Male White Mice. Journal of Research Innovation. 2021; 1(10): 2213–26.
4. Shinde PP, Khule SD, Sonawane S, Shelke S. Analgesic activity and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of plant Sida cordata in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2021; 11(3): 143–6.
5. Fitriyanti F, Hikmah N, Astuti KI. Anti-inflammatory Effect of Ashoka Flower Infusion (Ixora coccinea l) on Male Rats Induced by Carrageenan. Journal of Science and Health. 2020; 2(4): 355–9.
6. Paramita S, Nuryanto MK. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (mill. Urb.))ethanol Bulb Extracts. Journal of Vocational Health Studies. 2018; 2(2): 51–5.
7. Kumalasari E, Renita S, Febrianti DR, Niah R. Activity Test of 70% Ethanol Extract of Dayak Scallion (Eleutherine palmifolia, (l.) Merr) Against the Growth of Candida Albicans. Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Insan. 2021; 4(2): 176–85.
8. K.v MS, Kumar A, D VB, V.b NS. Pharmacological Evaluation of Trichilia connaroides Bark for Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory activity in Experimental Animal Models. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2015; 5(3): 138–44.
9. Kartikadewi A, Jaludamascena A. Effect of Dayak Onion Extract (Eleutherine Palmifolia (L), Merr) on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) in BALB/C Mice Infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. Medica Arteriana (Med-Art). 2019; 1(1): 22–8.
10. Astika RY, K FS, Elisma. Anti-inflammatory Activity Test of Ethanol Extract of Cinnamon Leaves (Cinnamomum burmanni) in Male White Mice. Manuntung Scientific Journal: Pharmaceutical Science and Health. 2022; 8(1): 14–23.
11. Himanshi, Pushpraj S Gupta. Anti-inflammatory activity of Codium elongatum on Carrageenan-induced paw edema in Wistar male rats. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2024; 17(1): 197-0. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00031.
12. Deshmukh DB, Sherkar MR. Evaluation of In Vivo Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Medicinal Plant-Lagenaria siceraria. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2019; 9(2): 75–8.
13. Cahyaningsih E, Yuda PESK, Susanthi IM. Test of Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Ethanol Extract of Indian Bay Leaves (Murraya koenigii L) on Male Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induced by 1% Carrageenan. Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento [Internet]. 2018 Mar 30 [cited 2025 Apr 10];4(1). Available from: https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/Medicamento/article/view/875.
14. Sari RA, Luthfiana F, Sholihah I, Matsunami K, Sukardiman null, Widyowati R. Antiosteoarthritis activities of 70% ethanol extract of Eleutherine bulbosa (mill.) urb. bulb on rats monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis. J Public Health Afr. 2023; 14(Suppl 1):2506.
15. Hidayati S, Oktavianti F, Susanti DA, Aini Q. In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflamatory Activities of Ethanol Extract Mangifera indica L. Leaves. Journal of Science and Health. 2022; 4(5): 488–94.
16. Gs M, Rp U, Sm P, Ss D, Ns N. Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Orthosiphon Stamnineus Benth Bark Extract. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2009; 1(1): 18–20.
17. Luliana S, Susanti R, Agustina E. Antiinflammatory Activity Test of Aqueous Extracts Herb of Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) in Caragenan Inducted Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus L.). TradMedJ. 2017; 22(3): 199
18. Li S, Liu X, Chen XR, and Bi L. Research Progresson Anti-inflammatory Effects and Mechanisms of Alkaloids from Chinese Medical Herbs. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2020. Doi : https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1303524.
19. Bai R, et.al. Discovery of Natural Anti-inflammatory Alkaloids: Potential Leads for The Drug Discovery For The Treatment of Inflammation. European Journal of Medicine Chemistry. 2021; 1-22.
20. Aryani R, Purwandi Y. Kajian Senyawa Eleutherine Dan Isoeleutherine Sebagai Antiinflamasi Terhadap Enzim Cox-1 Dan Cox-2 Secara in Siliko Dengan Metode Simulasi Docking Molekular. j. 2016; 16(1): 77.
21. M S, N K, A S, M AP. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of aerial parts of Flacourtia sepiaria Roxb. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015; 5(1): 12–7.
22. Sutapa H, Widodo MA, Purnomo BB, Soebadi DM, Negara EP. Insilico and In vitro study : COX-2 inhibition by ethanol extract of Dayak onion bulb (Eleutherine americana Merr) as treatment innovation of beign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Antiinflamm. Antiallergy Agents Med. Chem. 2020: 19.