Author(s):
Evaliani Surachman, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri, Abdul Mun’im
Email(s):
munim@farmasi.ui.ac.id
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00645
Address:
Evaliani Surachman1, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri2, Abdul Mun’im1*
1Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok West Java, Indonesia, 16424.
2Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia, 16424.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 17,
Issue - 9,
Year - 2024
ABSTRACT:
Espresso machine is proven to be effective to extract compound from herbal plants in small scale. Particle size is one of critical parameters affecting amount of bioactive compound extracted from the plants. Therefore, in this study, a novel and economical pressurized liquid extraction method based on a hard caps espresso machine has been developed. Cymbopogon nardus powder with various particle size (mesh sizes 40/60, 60/80 and 100/120) were extracted with 40mL of water for 12-40 seconds using hard caps espresso machine. Geraniol content in the obtained extracts were then determined by gas chromatography paired with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS). This study showed that geraniol extracted from C. nardus powder with mesh sizes 40/60, 60/80 and 100/120 were 37.4; 44.7 and 23.5mg/g, respectively. The highest geraniol content was found in extract from mesh 60/80 powder. The result showed that particle size indeed affect concentration of bioactive extracted from herbal plants. The developed method proved to be fast, efficient and reliable. Further study should be performed to find optimum parameters in extraction process using espresso machine.
Cite this article:
Evaliani Surachman, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri, Abdul Mun’im. Evaliani Surachman, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri, Abdul Mun’im. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2024; 17(9):4169-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00645
Cite(Electronic):
Evaliani Surachman, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri, Abdul Mun’im. Evaliani Surachman, Kurnia Sari Setio Putri, Abdul Mun’im. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2024; 17(9):4169-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00645 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2024-17-9-6
REFERENCE:
1. Tulandi, S. M., Tanzil, L., and Ulfa, D. M. Analysis of bioactive compounds from methanol extract of Diadema setosum sea urchin gonads using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(3): 1626–1634. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00289.4
2. Pandian, R. S., and Noora, A. T. GC-MS analysis of phytochemical compounds present in the leaves of Citrus medica. L. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2019; 12(4): 1823–1826. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00304.4
3. Mahanthesh, M. C., Gautam, G., and Jalalpure, S. S. Development and screening of anticonvulsant polyherbal formulation. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2017; 10(5): 1402–1416. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00250.5
4. Reddy, A. R., Ravi Kumar, V., Priyanka, M., and Sastry, K. P. Experimental Studies on Influence of Different Doses of Gypsum on Essential Oil Yield of Lemongrass var. Krishna (Cymbopogon flexuosus). Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2014; 7(4). www.rjptonline.org
5. Kumar, V. R., Bharath Kumar, R., Reddy, A. R., Priyanka, M., and Sastry, K. P. Experimental Studies on Influence of Different Doses of Sulphur on Essential Oil Yield of Lemongrass Var. Krishna (Cymbopogon flexuosus). Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2014; 7(8). www.rjptonline.org
6. Hussein, H. J., Hameed, I. H., and Hadi, M. Y. Using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique for analysis of bioactive compounds of methanolic leaves extract of Lepidium sativum. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2017; 10(11): 3981–3989. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00723.5
7. Usharani, B. Extraction of Essential oils from Cymbopogon citratus using Organic solvents. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(11): 5709–5712. https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00992
8. Avoseh, O., Oyedeji, O., Rungqu, P., Nkeh-Chungag, B., and Oyedeji, A. (2015). Cymbopogon species; ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and the pharmacological importance. In Molecules (Vol. 20, Issue 5, 7438–7453). MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules20057438
9. Chen, W., and Viljoen, A. M. Geraniol – A review update. In South African Journal of Botany. 2022; 150: 1205–1219 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.09.012
10. Gutiérrez-Del-río, I., López-Ibáñez, S., Magadán-Corpas, P., Fernández-Calleja, L., Pérez-Valero, Á., Tuñón-Granda, M., Miguélez, E. M., Villar, C. J., and Lombó, F. Terpenoids and polyphenols as natural antioxidant agents in food preservation. In Antioxidants. 2021; 10(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081264
11. Roy, A., Khan, A., Ahmad, I., Alghamdi, S., Rajab, B. S., Babalghith, A. O., Alshahrani, M. Y., Islam, S., and Islam, M. R. Flavonoids a Bioactive Compound from Medicinal Plants and Its Therapeutic Applications. In BioMed Research International. 2022 https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5445291
12. Wu, Y., Wang, Z., Fu, X., Lin, Z., and Yu, K. Geraniol-mediated osteoarthritis improvement by down-regulating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB and MAPK signals: In vivo and in vitro studies. International Immunopharmacology. 2020; 86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106713
13. El Azab, E. F., Saleh, A. M., Yousif, S. O., Mazhari, B. B. Z., Abu Alrub, H., Elfaki, E. M., Hamza, A., and Abdulmalek, S. New insights into geraniol’s antihemolytic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticoagulant potentials using a combined biological and in silico screening strategy. Inflammopharmacology. 2022; 30(5): 1811–1833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-022-01039-2
14. Saraswathi, K., Sivaraj, C., Jenifer, A., Dhivya, M., and Arumugam, P. Antioxidant, antibacterial activities, GCMS and FTIR analysis of ethanol bark extract of Capparis sepiaria L. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(5): 2144–2150. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00385.6
15. Ansari, M. Y., Ahmad, N., and Haqqi, T. M. Oxidative stress and inflammation in osteoarthritis pathogenesis: Role of polyphenols. In Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy. 2020; 129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110452
16. Hussain, T., Tan, B., Yin, Y., Blachier, F., Tossou, M. C. B., and Rahu, N. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us? In Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7432797
17. De Toledo, L. G., Dos Santos Ramos, M. A., Spósito, L., Castilho, E. M., Pavan, F. R., De Oliveira Lopes, É., Zocolo, G. J., Silva, F. A. N., Soares, T. H., dos Santos, A. G., Bauab, T. M., and De Almeida, M. T. G. Essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle: A strategy to combat fungal infections caused by Candida species. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2016; 17(8) https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17081252
18. Hadi, M. Y., and Hameed, I. H. Uses of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Technique for Analysis of Bioactive Chemical Compounds of Lepidium sativum : A Review . Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2017; 10(11): 4039. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360x.2017.00732.6
19. Ajayi, E. O., Sadimenko, A. P., and Afolayan, A. J. GC-MS evaluation of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf oil obtained using modified hydrodistillation and microwave extraction methods. Food Chemistry. 2016; 209: 262–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.071
20. El-Kased, R. F., and El-Kersh, D. M. GC–MS Profiling of Naturally Extracted Essential Oils: Antimicrobial and Beverage Preservative Actions. Life. 2022; 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101587
21. Kumar Gupta, P., Vinayak Lokur, A., Praveen Kumar Gupta, C., and Rithu, B. Phytochemical screening and qualitative analysis of Cymbopogon citratus. ~ 3338 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 2019; 8(4): 3338–3343.
22. Uraku, A. J. Determination of chemical compositions of Cymbopogon citratus leaves by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Research Journal of Phytochemistry. 2015; 9(4): 175–187. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjphyto.2015.175.187
23. Panzl, M. V., Menchaca, D., and Rodríguez-Haralambides, A. Analysis of polyphenols and xanthines in yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) infusions by high-pressure extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography. Applied Food Research, 2022; 2(2): 100192. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AFRES.2022.100192
24. Martinez-Sena, M. T., de la Guardia, M., Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., and Armenta, S. Hard cap espresso extraction and liquid chromatography determination of bioactive compounds in vegetables and spices. Food Chemistry. 2017; 237: 75–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.101
25. Leiman, K., Colomo, L. Armenta, S., de la Guardia, M., and Esteve-Turrillas, F. A. Fast extraction of cannabinoids in marijuana samples by using hard-cap espresso machines. Talanta, 2018; 190: 321–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2018.08.009
26. Savitha, H. G., and Manohar, B. Studies on Grinding and Extraction of Oil from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Seed. International Journal of Food Engineering. 2015; 11(2): 275–283. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijfe-2014-0262
27. Angeloni, G., Masella, P., Spadi, A., Guerrini, L., Corti, F., Bellumori, M., Calamai, L., Innocenti, M., and Parenti, A. Using ground coffee particle size and distribution to remodel beverage properties. European Food Research and Technology. 2023; 249(5): 1247–1256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-023-04210-3
28. Von Blittersdorff, M., and Klatt, C. The Grind-Particles and Particularities. In The Craft and Science of Coffee. 2017: 311–328 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803520-7.00013-X
29. Corell, L., Armenta, S., Esteve-Turrillas, F. A., and de la Guardia, M. Flavonoid determination in onion, chili and leek by hard cap espresso extraction and liquid chromatography with diode array detection. Microchemical Journal. 2018; 140: 74–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2018.04.014
30. Gallart-Mateu, D., Pastor, A., de la Guardia, M., Armenta, S., and Esteve-Turrillas, F. A. Hard cap espresso extraction-stir bar preconcentration of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil and sediments. Analytica Chimica Acta. 2017; 952: 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2016.11.051
31. Merlo, T. C., Molognoni, L., Hoff, R. B., Daguer, H., Patinho, I., and Contreras-Castillo, C. J. Alternative pressurized liquid extraction using a hard cap espresso machine for determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked bacon. Food Control. 2021; 120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107565
32. Ananthalakshmi, R., Xavier Rajarathinam, S. R., Mohamed Sadiq, A., and Poongothai, A. Phytochemical profiling of Luffa acutangula peel extract using GCMS study. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2019; 12(12): 6071–6074. https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-360X.2019.01054.0
33. Armenta, S., De La Guardia, M., and Esteve-Turrillas, F. A. Hard Cap Espresso Machines in Analytical Chemistry: What Else? Analytical Chemistry. 2016; 88(12): 6570–6576. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01400
34. Greco, G., Núñez-Carmona, E., Abbatangelo, M., Fava, P., and Sberveglieri, V. How coffee capsules affect the volatilome in espresso coffee. Separations. 2021: 8(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/separations8120248
35. Pubchem, 2023. Geraniol.
36. Spisni, E., Petrocelli, G., Imbesi, V., Spigarelli, R., Azzinnari, D., Sarti, M. D., Campieri, M., and Valerii, M. C. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and microbial-modulating activities of essential oils: Implications in colonic pathophysiology. In International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(11): 1–27 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114152
37. Thapa, D., Richardson, A. J., Zweifel, B., Wallace, R. J., and Gratz, S. W. Genoprotective Effects of Essential Oil Compounds Against Oxidative and Methylated DNA Damage in Human Colon Cancer Cells. Journal of Food Science. 2019; 84(7): 1979–1985. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.14665