Author(s):
Fathul Djannah, Anny Setijo Rahaju, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Mochammad Hatta, Agussalim Bukhari, Irda Handayani
Email(s):
nasrumm2000@yahoo.com
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00683 
Address:
Fathul Djannah1, Anny Setijo Rahaju2, Muhammad Nasrum Massi3*, Mochammad Hatta3, Agussalim Bukhari4, Irda Handayani5
1Dept. of Anatomical Pathology of Medical Faculty, Universitas Mataram, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia.
2Dept.of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.
3Dept. of Microbiology of Medical Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
4Dept. of Nutrition of Medical Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
5Dept. of Clinical Pathology of Medical Faculty, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 17,
Issue - 9,
Year - 2024
ABSTRACT:
Backgrounds: Tuberculosis lymphadenitis (LnTB) is the most common extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). The NRAMP-1 gene is located in macrophages which functions to secrete iron needed by MTB to live. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) is a serological test commonly used in various immunology laboratories. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of NRAMP-1 levels with Hb and BMI in tuberculosis lymphadenitis patients. Method: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional carried out from January to September 2021 on 50 LnTB patients. Blood was taken before treatment and then an ELISA examination was performed to determine NRAMP-1 levels, as well as an Hb examination. Nutritional status was determined by body mass index (BMI) assessment. Results: Of the 78 respondents, 34.6% are male and 65.4% are female. The mean age of the respondents in this study is 26.89. Histopathologically, it was found that 56.4% are well-organized granulomas and the respondent patients are mostly from Mataram with a percentage of 30.7%. The mean nodule complaint is 3.0064 cm. The mean NRAMP-1 level is 256.88, the mean Hb is 12.05, and the mean BMI is 20.31. After the spearman-rho test, it was found that the relationship between NRAMP-1 levels and Hb is p=0.018 and the relationship between NRAMP-1 levels and BMI is p=0.242. Conclusion: There is a relationship between NRAMP-1 levels and Hb. However, there is no significant relationship between NRAMP-1 levels and BMI.
Cite this article:
Fathul Djannah, Anny Setijo Rahaju, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Mochammad Hatta, Agussalim Bukhari, Irda Handayani. The Relationship Between Natural Resistance –Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (NRAMP-1) Levels and Hb and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis Patients. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2024; 17(9):4422-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00683
Cite(Electronic):
Fathul Djannah, Anny Setijo Rahaju, Muhammad Nasrum Massi, Mochammad Hatta, Agussalim Bukhari, Irda Handayani. The Relationship Between Natural Resistance –Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (NRAMP-1) Levels and Hb and Body Mass Index (BMI) in Tuberculosis Lymphadenitis Patients. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2024; 17(9):4422-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2024.00683 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2024-17-9-44
REFERENCES:
1. WHO Global Report, 2018.
2. World Health Organization. Improving Diagnosis and Treatment of Smear-Negative Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis Among Adults and Adolescents - Recommendations for HIV-Prevalent and Resource-Constrained Settings. Stop TB Dep HIV/AIDS [Internet]. 2007; Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/69463/WHO_HTM_TB_2007.379_eng.pdf;jsessionid=E67B82260A863134F9B4CF4A1FE7E709?sequence=1.
3. Kumar L, Rajan, Sharma V. Tuberculosis: A Brief Overview. Asian J. Pharm. Res. 2012;2(2):59-62.
4. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2017. 2017.
5. Riskesdas. 2018.
6. Kementrian Kesehatan RI.Penanggulangan Nasional TB. 2011.
7. PDPI. 2015.
8. Daniel M, Awoke D, Abeje A, Shumet A, Nibret E, Biadglegne F. Epidemiology of CLTBinAfrica : A systematic review and meta-analysis. 2019; 1–20.
9. Salvador F, Los-arcos I, Montalva-Sanchez A, Tortola T, Curran A, Villar A, et al. Epidemiology and Diagnosis of CLTB in a Tuberculosis Low-Burden Country. 2015; 94(4): 3.
10. Fernando Salvador MD, Ibai Los-Arcos MD, Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá MD, Teresa Tórtola. Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Tuberculous Lymphadenitis in a Tuberculosis Low-Burden Country; Medicine (Baltimore). 2015; 94(4): e509. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000509.
11. Hatta M, Ratnawati, Tanaka M, Ito J, Shirakawa T, Kawabata M. NRAMP1/SLC11A1 gene polymorphisms and host susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2010; 41(2): 386-394.
12. Jin J, Sun L, Jiao W, Zhao S, Li H, Guan X, Jiao A, Jiang Z, Shen A. SLC11A1 (Formerly NRAMP1) Gene Polymorphisms Associated with Pediatric Tuberculosis in China. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2009; 48(6): 733–738. doi: 10.1086/597034.
13. Patil MO, Mali YS, Patil PA, Karnavat DR. Development of Immunotherapeutic Nanoparticles for treatment of Tuberculosis. Asian J. Pharm. Res. 2020; 10(3): 226-232. doi: 10.5958/2231-5691.2020.00039.8.
14. Koduru BS, Shinde AR, Preeti PJ, Kumar KP, Rajavel R, Sivakumar T. Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-tubercular, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of New 2- Pyrazoline Derivatives. Asian J. Pharm. Tech. 2012; 2(2): 47-50.
15. Wessling-Resnick M. Nramp1 and Other Transporters Involved in Metal Withholding during Infection. J Biol Chem. 2015; 290(31): 18984-18990. doi:10.1074/jbc.R115.643973.
16. Onifade DA. RGeseeanrchdaertircl-erelated factors influencing tuberculosis control in shantytowns: a qualitative study. 2010:11.
17. Ansori ANM, Kharisma VD, Solikhah TI. Medicinal properties of Muntingiacalabura L.: A Review. Res J Pharm Technol. 2021; 14(8): 4509-2. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00784.
18. Ansori ANM, Fadholly A, Hayaza S, Susilo RJK, Inayatillah B, Winarni D, Husen SA. A Review on Medicinal Properties of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.). Res J Pharm Techol. 2020; 13(2): 974-982. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00182.1.
19. Meenaxi MM, Ainapure R, Patil PB, Bhat AR. Triazolone and their Derivatives for Anti -Tubercular Activities. Asian J. Research Chem. 2011; 4(7): 1050-1054.
20. Volkman HE, Clay H, Beery D, Chang JC, Sherman DR, Ramakrishnan L. Tuberculous granuloma formation is enhanced by a mycobacterium virulence determinant. PLoS Biol. 2004; 2(11): e367. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020367.
21. Sivakumar S and Sangeetha D. Identification of New Inhibitor against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using structure based Drug Designing and Docking Studies. Res. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2017; 9(3): 173-176. doi: 10.5958/0975-4385.2017.00032.2.
22. Heo JN, Choi YW, Jeon SC, Park CK. Pulmonary tuberculosis: another disease showing clusters of small nodules. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005; 184(2): 639-642. doi:10.2214/ajr.184.2.01840639.
23. Mukhtar D.Makrofagpada Jaringan Adiposa Obessebagai Penanda Terjadinya Resistensi Insulin. 2012: 6.
24. Unissa R, Monica B, Konakanchi S, Darak R, Keerthana SL, Kumar SA. Thalassemia: A Review . Asian J. Pharm. Res. 2018; 8(3): 195-202. doi: 10.5958/2231-5691.2018.00034.5.
25. Saranya K, Manivasagan V, Babu NGR, Pradeep D, Pandidurai S. Emerging Trends in Artificial Blood. Research J. Engineering and Tech. 2013; 4(4): 199-207.
26. Chandra R. In Silico Study of Secondary Structure of Hemoglobin Protein. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(12): 6245-9. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.01080.
27. Finn AV, Nakano M, Polavarapu R, et al. Hemoglobin directs macrophage differentiation and prevents foam cell formation in human atherosclerotic plaques. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012; 59(2): 166-177. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2011.10.852.
28. Redinus K, Baek JH, Yalamanoglu A, et al. An Hb-mediated circulating macrophage contributing to pulmonary vascular remodeling in sickle cell disease. JCI Insight. 2019; 4(15): e127860. Published 2019 Aug 8. doi:10.1172/jci.insight.127860.
29. Stagas MK, Papaetis GS, Orphanidou D, et al. Polymorphisms of the NRAMP1 gene: distribution and susceptibility to the development of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Greek population. Med Sci Monit. 2011; 17(1): PH1-PH6. doi:10.12659/msm.881312.
30. Ganz T. Macrophages and systemic iron homeostasis. J Innate Immun. 2012;4(5-6):446-453. doi:10.1159/000336423.
31. Li X, Yang Y, Zhou F, et al. SLC11A1 (NRAMP1) polymorphisms and tuberculosis susceptibility: updated systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2011; 6(1): e15831. Published 2011 Jan 25. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015831.
32. Weisberg SP, McCann D, Desai M, Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Ferrante AW Jr. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003; 112(12): 1796-1808. doi:10.1172/JCI19246.
33. Kang YE, Kim JM, Joung KH, et al. The Roles of Adipokines, Proinflammatory Cytokines, and Adipose Tissue Macrophages in Obesity-Associated Insulin Resistance in Modest Obesity and Early Metabolic Dysfunction. PLoS One. 2016; 11(4): e0154003. Published 2016; Apr 21. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154003.
34. de Mendonça EB, Schmaltz CA, Sant'Anna FM, et al. Anemia in tuberculosis cases: A biomarker of severity? [published correction appears in PLoS One. 2021 Mar 29;16(3):e0249545]. PLoS One. 2021; 16(2): e0245458. Published 2021; Feb 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245458.
35. Gil-Santana L, Cruz LAB, Arriaga MB, et al. Tuberculosis-associated anemia is linked to a distinct inflammatory profile that persists after initiation of antitubercular therapy. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):1381. Published 2019; Feb 4. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37860-5.
36. Fernández-Mestre M, Villasmil Á, Takiff H, Alcalá ZF. NRAMP1 and VDR Gene Polymorphisms in Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in Venezuelan Population. Dis Markers. 2015; 2015: 860628. doi:10.1155/2015/860628.
37. IrdaH. Contribution of NRAMP-1 gene expression and protein level in pulmo-nary and latent TB infection in Indonesia. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2021. doi: 10.7324/JAPS.2021.110803.
38. McDermid JM and Prentice AM. Iron and infection: effects of host iron status and the iron-regulatory genes haptoglobin and NRAMP-1 (SLC11A1) on host–pathogen interac-tions in tuberculosis and HIV. Clinical Science. 2006; 110(5): 503–524. doi: 10.1042/CS20050273.
39. Ehlers S, Schaible UE. The granuloma in tuberculosis: dynamics of a host-pathogen collusion. Front Immunol. 2013; 3: 411. Published 2013 Jan 7. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00411.
40. Elkington P, Polak ME, Reichmann MT, Leslie A. Understanding the tuberculosis granuloma: the matrix revolutions. Trends Mol Med. 2022; 28(2): 143-154. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2021.11.004.
41. Estrada-Chávez C, Pereira-Suárez AL, Meraz MA. High-level expression of NRAMP1 in peripheral blood cells and tuberculous granulomas from Mycobacterium bovis-infected bovines. Infect Immun. 2001; 69(11): 7165-7168. doi:10.1128/IAI.69.11.7165-7168.2001.