ABSTRACT:
The global effort to combat the COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed the rapid development and widespread distribution of various vaccines, including adenovirus-based vaccines such as COVISHIELD. While these vaccines have demonstrated safety and efficacy, rare adverse events have emerged, raising concerns about their use. We present a case report of a 45-year-old female patient who experienced Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) shortly after receiving the COVISHIELD vaccine. The patient's clinical presentation was characterized by the abrupt onset of symptoms within days of vaccination, including weakness, fatigue, and throat discomfort. Her condition deteriorated rapidly, leading to respiratory failure and paralysis, necessitating intensive care unit (ICU) admission. A comprehensive examination revealed cranial nerve involvement, cardiovascular symptoms, and progressive motor weakness. Nerve conduction studies confirmed the diagnosis of GBS, while cerebrospinal fluid analysis demonstrated elevated protein levels. This case report delves into the clinical course, diagnostic challenges, and treatments administered during the patient's hospitalization. We discuss the potential link between COVISHIELD vaccination and GBS, an autoimmune neurological disorder. While the pathophysiology of vaccine-induced GBS remains a subject of debate, this case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment. In conclusion, this case underscores the significance of vigilance regarding potential adverse events associated with COVID-19 vaccination, such as GBS. Timely recognition and comprehensive management are pivotal in mitigating the impact of such complications. The reporting and monitoring of vaccine-related adverse events continue to be vital components of the ongoing global vaccination campaign.