Author(s):
Sudipta Chakraborty, Nripendra Nath Bala, Sudipta Das
Email(s):
sudislg3@gmail.com
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2023.00357
Address:
Sudipta Chakraborty1*, Nripendra Nath Bala1, Sudipta Das2
1BCDA College of Pharmacy and Technology, 78, Jessore Road (S), Hridaypur, Barasat, Kolkata: 700127, West Bengal, India.
2Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Institute of Pharmacy, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 16,
Issue - 5,
Year - 2023
ABSTRACT:
The present study investigated centrally and peripherally mediated analgesic activity of methanol extract of leaves of Bauhinia acuminata and isolation of active compounds by column chromatography with gradient elution using combination of different solvents. FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data of the isolated compound established it to be a flavonol, quercetin. The analgesic activity of the extract was found to be dose dependent and effective in all the models tested being Acetic acid induced visceral pain model as the best (p<0.01 in all the doses tested). In hot plate method the test extract showed significant analgesia (p<0.01) compared to the control only for 200 and 400mg/kg BWfor all the reaction times tested, but the 100mg mg/kg BW was able to show the same only after 45 min. Formalin induced tonic pain model also exhibited similar results that indicated better analgesia was achieved at late phase (10-30 min). The analgesic activity of this extract may be correlated with that of the available phytochemical data obtained for this plant which indicates the presence of flavonoids and alkaloids as the chief constituents in leaves. In all the test models the results were promising and near to that of the standards used indicating it’s competence in the pain and related therapies which may be validated by further clinical studies.
Cite this article:
Sudipta Chakraborty, Nripendra Nath Bala, Sudipta Das. Isolation and Characterization of a Flavonoid and Analgesic activity of leaves of Bauhinia acuminata Linn. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 2023; 16(5):2177-1. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2023.00357
Cite(Electronic):
Sudipta Chakraborty, Nripendra Nath Bala, Sudipta Das. Isolation and Characterization of a Flavonoid and Analgesic activity of leaves of Bauhinia acuminata Linn. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology 2023; 16(5):2177-1. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2023.00357 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2023-16-5-16
REFERENCES:
1. Khare CP. Indian Medicinal Plants: An Illustrated Dictionary. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg. 2007.
2. Phansri K, Sarnthima R, Thammasirirak D, Boonchalee P, Khammuang S. Antibacterial Activity of Bauhinia acuminata L. Seed Protein Extract with Low Hemolytic Activity Against Human Erythrocytes. Chiang Mai J Sci. 2011; 38:242-51.
3. Prasad CVN, Mohan SS, Banerji A, Gopalakrishnapillai A. Kaempferitrin inhibits GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 2009; 380:39-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.01.008
4. Chakraborty S, Bala NN, Das S. TLC Bioautography, In vitro Antiradical and Antioxidant Activities of Leaves Extract of Bauhinia acuminata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2021; 13:4727-36. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.630
5. Sebastian D, Sophy R. Bauhinia acuminate Linn: A brief review of its Phytochemistry and pharmacology. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 2020; 6:164-70. https://doi.org/10.31024/ajpp.2020.6.3.2
6. Chakraborty S, Bala NN, Das S. RP-HPLC and HPTLC Identification and Quantification of Flavonoids in the Leaves Extract of Bauhinia acuminata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae). Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2021; 33(44A): 346-57. DOI: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/v33i44A32622
7. Sharma V, Janmeda P. Extraction, isolation and identification of flavonoid from Euphorbia neriifolia leaves. Arabian Journal of Chemistry. 2017; 10:509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.08.019
8. Ragab FA, Yahya TAA, El-Naa MM, Arafa RK. Design, synthesis and structure–activity relationship of novel semi-synthetic flavonoids as antiproliferative agents. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2014; 82:506-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.007
9. Tapas A, Sakarkar D and Kakde R. The Chemistry and Biology of Bioflavonoids. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2008; 1(3):132-43.
10. Durga M, Nathiya S, Devasena T. A Simple Protocol for the Isolation of Quercetin from Trigonellafoenum-graecum L. Leaves and Antioxidant analysis for Combating Toxicity. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2017; 10(7): 2047-52. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00357.2
11. Francis P, Suseem SR. Antimalarial Potential of Isolated Flavonoids-A Review. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2017; 10(11):4057-62. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2017.00736.3
12. Swarnalatha Y. Isolation of Flavonoids and their Anticancer Activity from Sphaeranthusamaranthoides in A549 Cell Line. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2015; 8(4):462-7. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00077.3
13. Singh Chauhan S, Mahish PK. Flavonoids of the flame of forest- Buteamonosperma. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(11):5647-53. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00984.1
14. Buchweitz M, Paul AK, Gillian TR, Wilde PJ. Quercetin solubilisation in bile salts: A comparison with sodium dodecyl sulphate. Food Chemistry. 2016; 211:356-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.034
15. Isoda H, Motojima H, Onaga S, Samet I, Villareal MO, Han J. Analysis of the erythroid differentiation effect of flavonoid apigenin on K562 human chronic leukemia cells. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 2014; 220:269-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.2014.07.006
16. Krych J, Gebicka L. Catalase inhibited by flavonoids. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2013; 58:148-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.070
17. Guo Y, Bruno RS. Endogenous and exogenous mediators of quercetin bioavailability. Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry. 2015; 26(3):201–10. doi:10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.10.008
18. Bhimanwar R, Kothapalli L, Khawshi A. Quercetin as Natural Bioavailability Modulator: An Overview. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(4):2043-50. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00368.6
19. Filho AW, Filho VC, Olinger L, De Souza MM. Quercetin: Further investigation of its antinociceptive properties and mechanisms of action. Archives of Pharmacal Research. 2008; 31:713-21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-001-1217-2
20. Sak K. Site specific anticancer effects of dietary flavonoid quercetin. Nutrition and Cancer- an international journal. 2014; 66(2):177–193. doi:10.1080/01635581.2014.864418
21. Vizcaino FP, Duarte J, Andriantsitohaina R. Endothelial function and cardiovascular disease: effects of quercetin and wine polyphenols. Free Radic. Res. 2006; 40(10):1054-65. doi: 10.1080/10715760600823128
22. Batmomolin A, Khotimah H, Ahsan A, Wiyasa A, Santoso S. Effects of Quercetin and Kaempferol (Main Compound of Moringaoleifera Leaves) improve IUGR through Decreased Hypoxia. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(12):5831-6. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.01016.1
23. Parameswari P, Devika R. In silico Molecular Docking Studies of Quercetin Compound against Anti-inflammatory and Anticancer Proteins. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2019; 12(11):5305-9. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00919.3
24. Baul HS, Rajiniraja M. Favorable binding of Quercetin to α-Synuclein as potential target in Parkinson disease: An Insilico approach. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2018; 11(1): 203-6 doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00038.0
25. Samini M. Quercetin effects on Respiratory Diseases. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(4):2017-21. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00363.7
26. Merskey H. Pain terms: a list with definitions and notes on usage. Recommended by the IASP Subcommittee on Taxonomy. Pain. 1979; 6:249-252.
27. Bhuvaneswari G, Thulasiya V. Assess the Effectiveness of Helfer skin Tapping Techniques on Pain during Vaccination Intramuscular Injection among the Infants in Primary Health Centre Neamam. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2018; 11(6): 2599-602. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00481.X
28. Sudireddy R, Venkateswarlu BS. A Study on Pain Assessment and Management in Post-Operative patients. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(3):1612-4. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00286.9
29. Hewitt DJ, Hargreaves RJ, Curtis SP, Michelson D. Challenges in analgesic drug development. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2009; 86(4):447-450. doi: 10.1038/clpt. 2009.161
30. Rao TD, Santhoshkumar MDS. Analgesic Efficacy of ParacetamolVs Ketorolac after Dental Extractions. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2018; 11(8): 3375-9. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00621.2
31. Rajesh M, Narayanan N. Comparative Study on Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Pure Aceclofenac with the Aceclofenac Loaded MucoadhesiveMicroparticles in Rats. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2015; 8(2):185-8. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00033.5
32. Hassan Nageeb AGM, AitGacem S, Al-Qaysi AAH, AlAani MJ. Prevalence of pain and self-medication pattern of Paracetamol and NSAIDs among university students in United Arab Emirates. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(6):3393-8. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00590
33. Singh K, Verma N. Gastrointestinal and Cardiovascular Risks of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): Time to Translate Knowledge into Practice. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2014; 7(5):575-80.
34. Khan N.I., Hatapakki B.C., Tamboli A.M. Isolation and Characterization of Flavonoids of the Ethanolic extracts of stems of Mimosa hamata (Willd.) by Chromatographic techniques. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(9):4602-8. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00800
35. Pavani P, Ashwathanarayana R, Naika R. Evaluation of the analgesic activity of the leaf methanolic extract of Zanthoxylumovalifolium wight. International Research Journal of Pharmacy. 2019; 10(6):33-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2230-8407.1006199
36. Patel J, Reddy V, Kumar GS. Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Diospyrosmelanoxylon (Roxb) leaves against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2015; 8(5):571-4.
37. Zachariah SM, Aleykutty N, Viswanad V, Halima OA. An Overview on Hepatoprotective Activity of Natural Products. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2012; 5(3):317-21.
38. Iwalewa EO, Iwalewa OJ, Adeboye JO. Analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory effects of methanol, chloroform and ether extracts of Vernoniacinerea less leaf. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003; 86:229-34. doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(03)00081-3
39. Praveen D, Chowdary RP, Gandikota T, Gangabathina P, Vijey AM. Antioxidant and Analgesic Activity of Leaf Extracts of Artocarpusheterophyllus. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2016; 9(3):257-261. doi: 0.5958/0974-360X.2016.00047.0
40. Arul V, Miyazaki S, Dhananjayan R. Studies on the anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic properties of the leaves Aeglemermelos Corr. J Ethnopharmacol. 2005; 96:159-63. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.09.013
41. Bhaskar VH, Sangameswaran B, Balakrishnan N, Panda AB, Raj NR, Sathish A. Screening of Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Hydroalcohol Extract of Sida (Indian) Species Root. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2008; 1(3):287-9.
42. Ray M, Mediratta PK, Mahajan P, Sharma KK. Evaluation of the role melatonin in formalin induced pain response in mice. Ind. J. Med. Sci. 2004; 2004; 58(3):122-8.
43. Weifeng H, Chunpeng W, Shouran Z. Quercetin - A Flavonoid Compound from Sarcopyramisbodinierivar delicate with Potential Apoptotic Activity in HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2013; 12(4):529-33.http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v12i4.13
44. Zhang Y, Wang D, Yang L, Zhou D, Zhang J. PLoS ONE. 2014; 9(8):e105725. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105725
45. Pishgahzadeh E, Shafaroodi H, Asgarpanah J. Analgesic and antiinflammatory activities of the essential oil from Artemisia sieberi. Besser Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2019; 55:e17011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902019000217011
46. Janssen P, Neimemegeers CGE, Dony JGH. The inhibitory effects of Phentanyl and other morphin like analgesics on the warm water induced tail withdrawal reflex in rats. Arzneimittelforschung. 1963; 13:502-7.
47. Choi EM, Hwang JK. Antiinflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of the fruit of Foeniculumvulgare. Fytotherapia. 2004; 75(6):557-65. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.05.005
48. Saha A, Masud MA, Bachar SC, Kundu JK, Datta BK, Nahar L, Sarker SD. The Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Extracts of Phyllanthusreticulatus in Mice Model. Pharmaceutical Biology. 2007; 45(5):355-359. DOI: 10.1080/13880200701212973
49. Dhara AK, Suva V, Sen T, Pal S, Nag chaudhury AK., Preliminary studies on the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of the methanolic fraction of the root extract of Tragia involucrate. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000; 72(1-2):265-8. doi: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00166-5.
50. Hunskaar S, Hole K. The formalin test in mice: dissociation between inflammatory and non-inflammatory pain. Pain. 1987; 30:103-14. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(87)90088-1