ABSTRACT:
Yeasts were isolated from vaginitis women. A total of 50 Samples of vaginal swabs was collected from Al-Hakim and Al-Furat Hospital in Al-Najaf province. The number of samples that appeared growth is 40 samples while the samples that not appeared growth of yeasts is 10 samples. Candida species are divided into two groups were isolated that are C.albicans and C. kuseie. Candida is an opportunistic pathogen and caused vulvovaginal infections. C. albicanis was found more frequently than C. krusei with (44,11)% respectively. Candida spp. with cream color cultivated easily at 48 hours on sabouraud dextrose agar, the colonies are smooth and glitter. Candida spp identifying with utilizing chrom agar that is regard exhibiting a difference agar of colonies, C.albicans be a characteristic of by slight green color, become smooth colonies while C. crazy pink and soft peripheral at a temperature (37)0C after 2 days of incubation. Chitosan -silver nanocamposite is used to inhibit growth of Candida with high efficiency .The percentage inhibition of C. albicanis is 54% in the concentration of 50 ppm and 92% in 100ppm, while in C. krusi the percentage of inhibition is 40% in 50ppm while 80% in 100 ppm. 150ppm of Chitosan-silver nanocomposite causes complete inhibition growth of C. albicans and C. krusei.
Cite this article:
R. A. Sahib. Inhibition of Candida spp. growth in Vaginitis women using a Chitosan-silver nanocomposite. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; 15(8):3743-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00627
Cite(Electronic):
R. A. Sahib. Inhibition of Candida spp. growth in Vaginitis women using a Chitosan-silver nanocomposite. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; 15(8):3743-6. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00627 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2022-15-8-69
REFERENCES:
1. Willems H. Ahmed S. Liu J. Xu Z. Peters B. Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Current Understanding and Burning Questions. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6(1):27. DOI:10.3390/jof6010027.
2. Abdul-Aziz M. Mahdy M. Abdul-Ghani R. Alhilali N et al . Bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomonal vaginitis among reproductive-aged women seeking primary healthcare in Sana’a city, Yemen . Tropical Medicin and Health. BMC Infect Dis. 2019; 19: 879 . doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4549-3
3. Umme H. Hosakote S. Rudra V. Riyaz O. Atul S. Candidiasis a fungal infection-current challenges and progress in prevention and treatment. Infectious Disorders – Drug Targets, 2015; 15”42-52 . DOI:10.2174/1871526515666150320162036
4. Dabas P. An approach to Etiology, diagnosis and management of different types of candidiasis. Academic Journals. 2013; 4(6):63-74. DOI:10.5897/JYFR2013.0113
5. Brown G. Denning D. Levitz S. Tackling human fungal infections. Science 2012; 336-647. DOI: 10.1126/science.1222236
6. Gonçalves B. Ferreira C. et al. Vulvovaginal candidiasis: Epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors Critical Reviews in Microbiology. 2016=; (42): 27-50. doi.org/10.3109/1040841X.2015.1091805
7. Nair S. Jadhav V. Biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles and comparing its Antifungal property with Ethanolic extract of Ixora coccinea plant. Asian J. Research Chem. 2020; 13(3): 198-202. DOI: 10.5958/0974-4150.2020.00038.3
8. Ravi L. Kannabiran K. Antifungal potential of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) from the stem bark extract of Kigelia pinnata. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2021; 14(4):1842-6. DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00326
9. Fathima T. Rajeshkumar S. Nagalingam M. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Symplocos racemosa and its Antifungal Activity against Candida albicans. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2021; 14(2):775-778. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2021.00135.9
10. Kumararaja G. Saneesha N, Satheesh S., Shahana V. Abdur Rahim S. Shamna V. Shamna A. Sundaraganapathy R. Gayathri R. Development and Characterization of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Aqueous leaves broth of Artemisia vulgaris L., and its Anti-fungal activity. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2019; 12(10):4822-4826. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00834.5
11. Taha Z. Howar S. Sulaiman G. Isolation and Identification of Penicillium italicum from Iraqi Citrus Lemon Fruits and its Ability Manufacture of Silver Nanoparticles and their Antibacterial and Antifungal activity. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2019; 12(3): 1320-1326. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00221.X
12. Naveen Prasad S. Padmesh T. Common Duckweed (Lemna minor) Assisted Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles as Potent Anti-Fungal Nanomaterial. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2014; 7(9): 955-958.
13. Baskar G. Chandhuru J. Sheraz K. Praveen A. Mycological Synthesis, Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles. Asian J. Pharm. Tech. 2013; 3(4): 142-146.
14. Sahib R. Effects of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Growth Inhibition of Fungi Isolated From Cream Cosmetics. Research J. Pharm. and Tech 2019; 12(1): 123-128. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00024.6
15. Ananthalakshmi R. Rajarathinam S. Mohamed A. Antioxidant activity of ZnO Nanoparticles synthesized using Luffa acutangula peel extract. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2019; 12(4):1569-1572 DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2019.00260.9.
16. Upadhyay P. Jain V. Sharma K. Sharma R. Synthesis and Applications of ZnO Nanoparticles in Biomedicine. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2020; 13(4):1636-1644. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00297.8
17. Wang L. Wang C. Yang C. Hsieh C. Chen S. Shen C. Wang J. Huang K. Synthesis and anti-fungal effect of silver nanoparticles-Chitosan composite particles. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2015; 26 (10): 85-96. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S77410
18. Sunita R. Silver Nanoparticles and Its Polymer Nanocomposites-Synthesis, Optimization, Biomedical Usage, and Its Various Applications. Book: Polymer Nanocomposites in Biomedical Engineering. 2019; pp: 331-373.
19. Jung J. Kasi G. Seo J. Development of functional antimicrobial papers using Chitosan/starch-silver nanoparticles. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2018;(112): 530–536. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.155
20. Moris D. Melhem M. Martins M. Mendes R. Oral Candida spp. colonization in human Immunodefecinciy Virus-Infected individuals. Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins. 2008; 14(2): p. 231. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-91992008000200004
21. Rahimi M. Ahmadi R. Kafil H. Shafiei-Irannejad V. A novel bioactive quaternized Chitosan and its silver-containing nanocomposites as a potent antimicrobial wound dressing Structural and biological properties. Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 101: 360–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.092
22. Bhavan P. Rajkumar R. Radhakrishnan S. Seenivasan C. Kannan S. Culture and identification of Candida albicans from vaginal ulcer and separation of enolase on SDS-PAGE. International Journal of Biology. 2010; 2 (1): 84-93. DOI:10.5539/ijb.v2n1p84
23. Gualco L. Debbia E. Bandettini R. Pescetto L. Cavallero A. Ossi M. Schito A. Marchese A. Antifungal resistance in Candida spp. Isolated in Italy between 2002 and 2005 for children and adults. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2007; 29( 2): 1979-1984.
24. Iyampillia T. Micheal J. Mathai E. Mathews M. Use of Chromagar medium in the differentiation of Candida species is it cost effective in developing countries. Tropical Medicine and Parasitology .2004; 98 :279-282.
25. Baradkar VP, Mathur M, Kumar S. Hichrom Candida agar for identification of Candida species. Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology. 2010;53(1):93–94.
26. Tammana M. Development of Chitosan/Graphene oxide/nano-silver Hydrogel for Photocatalytic Dye Degradation and Antibacterial Action. Dissertation at Department of Biotechnology/Thapar University /Patiala 2017.