ABSTRACT:
Calcium hydroxide is often used as a root canal medicament. Together with vehicle aqueous, glycerine, polyethylene glycol, and chitosan can increase calcium ion diffusion, pH balance, and anti-bacterial power. To analyze the effect of different vehicles on alkaline pH changes, diffusion of calcium ions, roughness, and frequency of chemical elements in the root canal after applying calcium hydroxide. A total of 100 dental samples in 5 groups of vehicles were examined for pH using a pH meter, calcium ion diffusion using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometric, and surface roughness of the root canals chemical compounds were analyzed by SEM-EDX. All the vehicles can maintain the balance of pH changes to alkaline in the root canal wall (p<0.05: 0.00). Maximum calcium ion diffusion occurs on day 30, especially in the vehicle Chitosan and Polyethylene glycol (p <0.05: 0.00). Vehicle chitosan and glycerine more strongly reduce root surface wall roughness after calcium hydroxide medicament (20% roughness score). Specifically, vehicle chitosan can increase calcium (21.71%) compared to control and other vehicles in the root canal wall (p<0.05: 0.02). The chitosan vehicles and other vehicles can maintain an alkaline pH balance, diffusion of calcium ions, and decrease in roughness and increase in the quantity of calcium in the root canal wall.