Author(s):
Fatima Zohra Badaoui, Djallel Bouzid
Email(s):
fatimazohra.badaoui@univ-constantine3.dz
DOI:
10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00440 
Address:
Fatima Zohra Badaoui1,3*, Djallel Bouzid2,3
1Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Processes Engineering, Salah Boubnider University-Constantine 3, Constantine 25000, Algeria.
2National Polytechnic School of Constantine 25000, Algeria.
3Process Engineering Laboratory for Sustainable Development and Health Products, Constantine, Algeria.
*Corresponding Author
Published In:
Volume - 15,
Issue - 6,
Year - 2022
ABSTRACT:
For a better use of the drug, a decrease in side effects, an improvement in effectiveness, and a uniform release of the active ingredients, sustained-release forms have been developed. The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of the factors on the responses involved in the formulation of Diclofenac Sodium (DC) loaded ethylcellulose (EC) microsponges (MP) using Central Composite Design (CCD). Quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method was used to formulate MP. The ratio of ethylcellulose to Diclofenac Sodium and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration (w/v%) were selected as independent variables for CCD. Entrapment efficiency (EE) and production yield (PY) were selected as dependent variables. The optimal formulation was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Optical Microscopy, and in vitro release. Optimized MP showed an EE of 31.02% and a PY of 66.44%, FTIR studies revealed no chemical interaction between drug and polymer used, MP were spherical and present an average size of 9.21±0.3µm. Kinetic studies revealed that drug release from optimized formulation followed Higuchi model. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of proposed design for development of DC microsponges for the sustained release.
Cite this article:
Fatima Zohra Badaoui, Djallel Bouzid. Statistical Design for Formulation Optimization of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Ethylcellulose Microsponges. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; 15(6):2633-8. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00440
Cite(Electronic):
Fatima Zohra Badaoui, Djallel Bouzid. Statistical Design for Formulation Optimization of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Ethylcellulose Microsponges. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2022; 15(6):2633-8. doi: 10.52711/0974-360X.2022.00440 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2022-15-6-44
REFERENCES:
1. Giridharan Sivalingan. Ganesh GNK. Mithra Chandrasekaran. Multiparticulate drug delivery system. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(7): 3501-3507. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00620.4
2. Darandale AS. Ghule PJ. Aher AA. Narwate BM. Sustained release dosage form: a concise review. International Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Analysis. 2017; 5(5): 153-160.
3. Shinkar DM. Bhamare BS. Saudagar RB. Microsponges. Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2016; 6(2): 77-84. doi: 10.5958/2231-5659.2016. 00011.4
4. Mali AD. Bathe R. An updated review on formulation and evaluation of microsponge. Research Journal of Topical and Cosmetic Sciences. 2015; 6(1): 77-85. doi:10.5958/2321-5844.2015.00011.4
5. Junqueira MV. Bruschi ML. A Review About the Drug Delivery from Microsponges. AAPS Pharm SciTech. 2018; 19(4):1501-1511. doi: 10.1208/s12249-018-0976-5
6. Jangde R. Microsponges for colon targeted drug delivery systems: an overview. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2011; 1(4): 87-93.
7. Bhimavarapu R. RamaDevi R. Nissankararao S. Devarapallo C. Paparaju S. Microsponges as a Novel Imperative for Drug Delivery System. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2013; 6(8): 842-848.
8. Zhai X. Yu Y. Chen F. Lu Y. Comparative Bioavailability and Tolerability of Single and Multiple Doses of Diclofenac Sodium Sustained-Release Tablet Formulations in Fasting , Healthy Chinese Male Volunteers. Current Therapeutic Research. 2013; 75(1): 53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2013.09.001
9. Munshi PP. Mohale DS. A Kkalwar R. Chandewar AV. Formulation and evaluation of diclofenac gel. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2011; 4(9): 1394-1399.
10. Arias JL. López-Viota M. López-Viota J. Delgado AV. Development of iron/ ethylcellulose (core/shell) nanoparticles loaded with diclofenac sodium for arthritis treatment. International Journal of Pharmaceutics. 2009; 382(1-2): 270–276. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.08.019
11. Krishna Sailaja A. Nandini M. Preparation of diclofenac nanoparticles by desolvation technique using acetone as desolvating agent. Indian Journal of Novel Drug Delivery. 2016; 8(1): 42-45.
12. Goupy J. Creighton L. Introduction to Design Experiments. Third Edition. 2007.
13. Vera Candioti L. DeZan MM. Cámara MS. Goicoechea HC. Experimental design and multiple response optimization using the desirability function in analytical methods development. Talanta. 2014; 124: 123–138.
14. Yang XY. Patel S. Sheng Y. Pal D. Mitra AK. Statistical Design for Formulation Optimization of Hydrocortisone Butyrate-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech. 2014; 15(3): 569-587. doi: 10.1208/s12249-014-0072-4
15. Saxena S. Bawa S. Katare DP. Statistical and continuous manufacturing approach by design of experiment (DoE) for a robust synthetic process of a sorafenib analogue. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(1): 01-08. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00001.3
16. Ratnaparakhi DU. Patil SS. Patil SV. Formulation and evaluation of microsponge of benzyol peroxide by quasi emulsion solvent diffusion method. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2015; 7: 38-43.
17. Miah S. Faysal M. Islam A. Jahan N. Saha B. Karim MM. Bhuiyan MA. Fabrication and in vitro evaluation of sustained release aclofenac microspheres by emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2013; 6(7): 765- 768.
18. Lokhande AB. Mishra S. Kulkarni RD. Naik JB. Preparation and characterization of repaglinide loaded ethylcellulose nanoparticles by solvent diffusion technique using high pressure homogenizer. Journal of Pharmacy Research. 2013; 7: 421-426. doi: 10.1016/j.jopr.2013.04.049
19. Mohamed Rizwan I. Damodharan N. Mathematical modeling of dissolution kinetics in dosage forms. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020; 13(3): 1339-1345. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00247.4
20. Fitrianto A. Midi H. Multi-Response Optimization via Desirability Function for the Black Liquor DATA. Journal of Science and Technology. 2012; 4(1): 91-101.
21. Motwani SK. Chopra S. Talegaonkar S. Kohli K. Ahmad FJ. Khar RK. Chitosan–sodium alginate nanoparticles as submicroscopic reservoirs for ocular delivery: Formulation, optimization and in vitro characterisation. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 2008; 68(3): 513-525. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2007.09.009
22. Kebebe D. Belete A. Gebre-Mariam T. Evaluation of Two Olibanum Resins as Rate Controlling Matrix Forming Excipients in Oral Sustained Release Tablets. Ethiopian Pharmaceutical Journal. 2010; 28(2): 95-109. doi: 10.4314/epj.v28i2.4
23. Madni A. Ekwal M. Ahmad S. Din I. Hussain Z. Khan N. Akhlaq M. Mahmood M. Zafar H. FTIR Drug-Polymer Interactions Studies of Perindopril Erbumine. Journal of the Chemical Society of Pakistan. 2014; 36(6): 1064-1070.
24. Deshmukh K. Poddar SS. Tyrosinase inhibitor-loaded microsponge drug delivery system: new approach for hyper pigmentation disorders. Journal of Microencapsulation. 2012; 29(6): 559–568. doi: 10.3109/02652048.2012.668955
25. Gavini V. Murthy MS. Kumar PK. Formulation and in vitro evaluation of nanoparticles drug delivery system loaded with 5-Fluorouracil. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology. 2014; 6(4): 243-248.
26. Obiedallah MM. Abdel-Mageed AM. Elfaham TH. Ocular Administration of Acetazolamide Microsponges In situ Gel Formulations. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal. 2018; 26(7): 909-920. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.01.005