A Study to Evaluate the combined effect of cromolyn Sodium and Fenofibrate in Gentamicin induced Nephropathy

Aarif Wani; Jasmine Chaudhary; Akash Jain

doi:10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00569.7

Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

ISSN

0974-360X (Online)
0974-3618 (Print)

Submit Article

A Study to Evaluate the combined effect of cromolyn Sodium and Fenofibrate in Gentamicin induced Nephropathy

Author(s): Aarif Wani, Jasmine Chaudhary, Akash Jain

Email(s): akash2911@gmail.com

DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00569.7

Address: Aarif Wani, Jasmine Chaudhary, Akash Jain*
MM College of Pharmacy, MM (Deemed to be University), Mullana (Ambala)-133207, Haryana, India.
*Corresponding Author

Published In: Volume - 13, Issue - 7, Year - 2020

View HTML

View PDF

ABSTRACT:
Objective: To evaluate the combined effect of cromolyn sodium (mast cell stabilizer) and fenofibrate (PPAR-a agonist) in gentamicin-induced nephropathy. Method: Gentamicin (80mg/kg i.p.) was administered constantly for 8 days to induce nephrotoxicity as a result of activation of mast cell mediators, alteration of lipid profile and initiation of renal oxidative stress. Therefore, its incidence and progression was assessed by biochemical and histopathological examination along with lipid profile and renal oxidative stress. Treatment with cromolyn sodium, Fenofibrate as well as their combination was continued for 10 days in nephrotoxic rats and the parameters were assessed in normal as well as gentamicin-induced rats with or without treatment. Result: The histopathological and biochemical results revealed that treatment with cromolyn sodium (50 mg/kg p.o) prevents the noxious effect of gentamicin by inhibiting mast cell activation and decreasing release of different pro-inflammatory cytokines. A low dose of fenofibrate (32 mg/kg p.o) regulates the distorted lipid profile in gentamicin-induced rats. The combination dose of cromolyn sodium and fenofibrate was more capable in satisfying the gentamicin-induced nephropathy and renal oxidative stress when compared with either standard drug lisinopril (1 mg/kg p.o.) or drug alone. Conclusion: Combination of cromolyn sodium with fenofibrate can be used as an effective nephroprotective approach to treat the gentamicin induced nephropathy.

Keywords:

Cite this article:
Aarif Wani, Jasmine Chaudhary, Akash Jain. A Study to Evaluate the combined effect of cromolyn Sodium and Fenofibrate in Gentamicin induced Nephropathy. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2020; 13(7): 3215-3220. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00569.7

Cite(Electronic):
Aarif Wani, Jasmine Chaudhary, Akash Jain. A Study to Evaluate the combined effect of cromolyn Sodium and Fenofibrate in Gentamicin induced Nephropathy. Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2020; 13(7): 3215-3220. doi: 10.5958/0974-360X.2020.00569.7 Available on: https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2020-13-7-29

REFERENCES:

1. Matsumura N, Shiiki H, Nishino T, Dohi K. Unusual Case of Membranous Nephropathy Exhibiting Type III Collagen Microfibrils. Nephron 1998; 80(1): 104-105.

2. Arora MK, Reddy K, Balakumar P. The low dose combination of fenofibrate and rosiglitazone halts the progression of diabetes-induced experimental nephropathy. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 636(1-3): 137-144.

3. Pazhayattil GS, Shirali AC. Drug-induced impairment of renal function. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2014; 7: 457-468.

4. Hendriks JG, vanHorn JR, van der Mei, H.C., Busscher, H.J., 2004. Backgrounds of antibiotic-loaded bone cement and prosthesis-related infection. Biomaterials 2014; 25(3): 545-556.

5. Chen S, Hong S, Iglesias-de la Cruz MC, Isono M, Casaretto A, Ziyadeh F. The key role of the transforming growth factor-β system in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Ren Fail 2001; 23(3-4): 471-481.

6. Stangou M, Bhangal G, Lai PC, Smith J, Keith JC Jr, Boyle JJ, et al. Effect of IL-11 on glomerular expression of TGF-beta and extracellular matrix in nephrotoxic nephritis in Wistar Kyoto rats. J Nephrol 2011; 24(1): 106-111.

7. Ling XC, Kuo KL. Oxidative stress in chronic kidney disease. Ren Replace Ther 2018; 4: 53.

8. Prabhakar SS. Pathogenic role of nitric oxide alterations in diabetic nephropathy. Curr Diab Rep 2005; 5(6): 449-454.

9. Geleilete TJ, Melo GC, Costa RS, Volpini RA, Soares TJ, Coimbra TM. Role of myofibroblasts, macrophages, transforming growth factor-beta endothelin, angiotensin-II, and fibronectin in the progression of tubulointerstitial nephritis induced by gentamicin. J Nephrol 2002; 15(6): 633-642.

10. Hur E, Garip A, Camyar A, Ilgun S, Ozisik M, Tuna S, et al. The effects of vitamin D on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury in experimental rat model. Int J Endocrinol 2013: 1-7.

11. Carr W, Schaeffer J, Donnenfeld E. Treating allergic conjunctivitis: A once-daily medication that provides 24-hour symptom relief. Allergy Rhinol (Providence) 2016; 7(2): 107-114.

12. Reddy JM, Reddy VMP, Dass RBR. The novel role of mast cell stabilizer in halting the development of nephropathy in diabetic rats: Implication of resident renal mast cells. ICMBPS 2012: 84-89.

13. Perse M., Veceric-Haler Z. Cisplatin-induced rodent model of kidney injury: Characteristics and challenges. Biomed Res Int 2018: 1462802.

14. Cheng CF, Chen HH, Lin H. Role of PPARα and its agonist in renal diseases. PPAR Res 2010: 345098-345098.

15. Finco DR, Duncan JR. Evaluation of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine concentrations as indicators of renal dysfunction: A study of 111 cases and a review of related literature. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1976; 168(7): 593-601.

16. Taussky HH, Bonsnes RW. On the colorimetric determination of creatinine by the jaffe reaction. J Biol Chem 1945; 158: 581.

17. Fawcett JK, Scott JE. A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Path 1960; 13: 156-159.

18. Watanabe N, Kamei S, Ohkubo A, Yamanaka M, Ohsawa S, Makino K, et al. Urinary protein as measured with a pyrogallol red-molybdate complex, manually and in a Hitachi 726 automated analyzer. Clin Chem 1986; 32(8): 1551-4.

19. Penumarthy S, Penmetsa GS, Mannem S. Assessment of serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in periodontitis patients. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17(1): 30-35.

20. Fossati P, Prencipe L. Serum triglycerides determined colorimetrically with an enzyme that produces hydrogen peroxide. Clin Chem 1982; 28(10): 2077-2080.

21. Allain C, Poon LS, Chan CSG, Wy R, Fu PC. Enzymatic determination of total serum cholesterol. Clin Chem 1974; 20(4): 470-5.

22. Crowell JA, Korytko PJ, Morrissey RL, Booth TD, Levine BS. Resveratrol-associated renal toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2004; 82(2): 614-619.

23. Ohkawa H, Ohishi N, Yagi K. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal Biochem 1979; 95(2): 351-358.

24. Udupa V, Prakash V. Gentamicin induced acute renal damage and its evaluation using urinary biomarkers in rats. Toxicol Rep 2018; 6: 91-99.

25. Ratliff BB, Abdulmahdi W, Pawar R, Wolin MS. Oxidant mechanisms in renal injury and disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2016; 25(3): 119-146.

26. Amin K. The role of mast cells in allergic inflammation. Respir Med 2012; 106(1): 9-14.

27. Naclerio R. Clinical manifestations of the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999; 103(3): S382–S385.

28. Holdsworth SR, Summers SA. Role of mast cells in progressive renal diseases. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19(12): 2254-2261.

29. He A. Shi GP. Mast cell chymase and tryptase as targets for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Curr Pharm Des 2013; 19(6): 1114-1125.

30. Ward DT, McLarnon SJ, Riccardi D. Aminoglycosides increase intracellular calcium levels and ERK activity in proximal tubular OK cells expressing the extracellular calcium-sensing receptor. J Am Soc Nephrol 2002; 13(6): 1481-89.

31. Ghaznavi H, Mehrzadi S, Dormanesh B, Tabatabaei SMTH, Vahedi H, Hosseinzadeh A, et al. Comparison of the protective effects of melatonin and silymarin against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2016; 21(4): NP49-NP55.

32. Sinniah A, Yazid S, Flower RJ. The anti-allergic cromones: Past, present, and future. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8: 827.

33. Kennedy LL, Hargrove LA, Graf AB, Francis TC, Hodges KM, Nguyen QP, et al. Inhibition of mast cell-derived histamine secretion by cromolyn sodium treatment decreases biliary hyperplasia in cholestatic rodents. Lab Invest 2014; 94(12): 1406-1418.

34. Gyebi L, Soltani Z, Reisin E. Lipid nephrotoxicity: new concept for an old disease. Curr Hypertens Rep 2012; 14(2): 177-181.

35. Agrawal S, Zaritsky JJ, Fornoni A, Smoyer WE. Dyslipidaemia in nephrotic syndrome: mechanisms and treatment. Nat Rev Nephrol 2018; 14(1): 57-70.

36. Ortega-Velazquez R, Gonzalez-Rubio M, Ruiz-Torres MP, Diez-Marques ML, Iglesias MC, Rodriguez-Puyol M, et al. Collagen I upregulates extracellular matrix gene expression and secretion of TGF-beta 1 by cultured human mesangial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004; 286(6): C1335-1343.

37. Chen HH, Sue YM, Chen CH, Hsu YH, Hou CC, Cheng CY, et al. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha plays a crucial role in L-carnitine anti-apoptosis effect in renal tubular cells. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 24(10): 3042-3049.

38. Hong YA, Lim JH, Kim MY, Kim TW, Kim Y, Yang KS, et al. Fenofibrate improves renal lipotoxicity through activation of AMPK-PGC-1alpha in db/db mice. PLoS One 2014; 9(5): e96147.

39. Ibrahim MA, El-Sheikh AA, Khalaf HM, Abdelrahman AM. Protective effect of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR)-α and -γ ligands against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2014; 36(2): 130-137.

40. Matsushita Y, Ogawa D, Wada J, Yamamoto N, Shikata K, Sato C, et al. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta inhibits streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy through anti-inflammatory mechanisms in mice. Diabetes 2011; 60(3): 960-968.

41. Protasov K, Fedorishina O, Dzizinsky A, Antonenko N. Renoprotective effect of the lisinopril and amlodipine fixed combination in patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. J Hypertens 2011; 29: e405.