ABSTRACT:
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic inflammatory, relapsing and life threatening disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The most common forms of IBD are Crohn's disease (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC) and colorectal cancer. The incidence or prevalence of IBD are increasing worldwide but is highest in the industrialized and western populations. The pathogenesis of IBD includes the various factors like environmental, immunological and genetic factors. These factors are mainly affected the gastrointestinal tract of the person based on our daily life. It causes the mild, moderate and severe inflammation in the intestine lead to IBD. In current, the diagnosis is most important technique to detect the type of IBD and helps to identify UC and CD. The diagnostic technique involves the endoscopy (capsule endoscopy, computed tomographic enterography, ileocolonoscopy etc), device assisted enteroscopy (a novel technique) and laboratory analysis (erythrocytes sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein). The therapeutic drugs such as aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, antibiotics and immunomodulators are still used to manage IBD in some extent. Thus, IBD remain challenges and need better therapeutic approach for its management.