ABSTRACT:
The present study was aimed to analyze the phytochemicals of leaf extracts of Cleome rutidosperma and to check their antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activities using in vitro methods. The hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of C. rutidosperma were extracted using 70%v/v of above mentioned solvents using Rotary evaporator. The phyto-constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, proteins and polyphenols were detected using standard chemical methods. The ability of plant extracts to scavenge the stable free radical DPPH was analyzed. The IC50 values of each extracts were determined using the standard graphs. Antibacterial activity of the prepared extracts was performed against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. In vitro cytotoxicity of methanol extract of C. rutidosperma was determined using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2, 5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay. Among the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of leaves of C. rutidosperma, the methanol extract showed positive for all phytochemicals tested in this study except saponins. At a concentration of 150µg/ml the methanol extract showed the zone of inhibition of 12mm against both B. cereus and E. coli, ethyl acetate showed 10mm against S. aureus and 12mm against S. typhi. The methanol extract also exhibited significant antioxidant and anticancer activities. This study reveals that the plant Cleome rutidosperma possesses medicinal properties like antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities.