Conductometric Studies On 3, 5-Dinitro Salicylic Acid in Ethanol Water Mixed Solvent Media

 

Sudha. R*, Nithya. G

Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: rajendran.sudha7@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

The conductivity measurement for 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid and ethanol – water mixed media containing various percentage of ethanol at room temperature are reported. There is an increase in conductivity with increasing the concentration of electrolyte was observed in the result. The final data used to study the nature of interaction between ion-solvent interactions and solvent- solvent in the system exists.

 

KEYWORDS: Limiting molar conductance, sodium benzoate, sodium acetate, mixed solvent media.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

The important characteristics of a solute in a solution been affected by solvent blending or co solvency. In the case of mixture of solvents, the additional variable composition is expressed in terms of volume fractions of the solvent w or in molar fractions x. Past few decades the focus of conductivity measurements turn in to different mixed-solvent systems. Different experimental and theoretical studies were fixed to the aqua-organic solvent and binary organic solvents media1-4. Due to the addition of organic solvent changes the dielectric constant of the medium in turn the structure of the medium also changes. Among the mixture of solvents water and alcohol mixtures are of special interest because they are widely used both experimentally and theoretically and also shows high dielectric constant value. 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid is widely used in synthesis of many chemical compound. It is practically useful in a lot of industrial applications. The water and alcohol mixtures also emphasize the interactions between aqueous and non-aqueous solvent molecules through hydrogen bonding5.

 

It proves that there is possible formation of highly complex-hydrogen bonded structure in the liquid. The more polar solvent like ethanol is readily forming homogeneous mixtures with water. Due to this homogeneous behaviour of alcohol strongly hydrogen-bonded self-associated with liquids. A closed structure of alcohol –water mixtures reveals the fact that the hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain in alcohols opposes the hydrophilic – OH group in its attempt to pull the molecule in solution6. There is a strong hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group and solvent molecules in a binary liquid mixture. The present study compares the conductivity behaviour of 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid and ethanol – water mixed. Studies on the conductance behaviour of such salts in mixed solvents are highly essential for understanding the theory behind the changes related to the solvent structure7-14. This study also gives the relevant information about ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions. It involved determination from the experimental data λ Vs concentration C, the limiting conductance of the electrolyte λº, the equilibrium constant (association constant) KA, and the interpretation of the ion-size parameter.

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid solution used in the present study were of high purity and analytical grade. The salts employed in this investigation were purchased from Ranbaxy Chemical Company, Inc., India. The redistilled solvent was used. The density of the purified solvent used was 0.7806gcm-3 with a coefficient of viscosity of 0.9590mPa.s at room temperature. The density of the pure ethanol water mixtures was measured using a 10ml specific gravity bottle. A highly precise digital conductivity meter, Model CDM230 and a conductivity cell were used for conductance measurements. The cell constant of the cell used had an uncertainty of 0.01%. The instrument was calibrated by using freshly prepared KCl solutions. Triply distilled water (specific conductivity of the order of 1×10-7 S cm-1) was used throughout this study. To ensure better reproducibility of results several independent solutions were prepared and runs were performed. The experiments were also performed in triple replicates for accuracy.

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

The density measurements of various proportions of pure ethanol water mixtures ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 volume fractions of ethanol were studied individually and are represented in Table 1.

Table1: Density measurements for pure Ethanol Water mixtures

Volume fraction of Ethanol

Density (gcm-3)

0.1

0.9957

0.2

0.9842

0.3

0.9710

0.4

0.9554

0.5

0.9383

0.6

0.9194

0.7

0.8961

0.8

0.8765

0.9

0.8421

 

The following table below shows the comparative analysis of equivalent conductance(λ), specific conductance(k), and dissociation constant(λ∞) for varied 33, 5-dinitro salicylic acid solution solution in ethanol water mixtures, also it shows the equivalent conductance of 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid solution d solution ethanol water mixtures at infinite dilution.

 

 

Table: Comparative analysis of К, λ, λ∞ and α for the varied 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures

% of

Ethanol

Acid Concentration

K=(Cond)(l/a) × 10-3 ohm-1

 cm-1

λ=Kx

1000/c

Α

Ka=

Cα2/1-α

λ0

 

 

50%

0.1

5.243

5.243

3.071

0.4553

 

 

170.70

 

0.05

2.744

5.788

3.390

0.2404

0.025

1.715

6.860

4.018

0.1337

0.0125

1.323

10.584

6.200

0.0924

0.00625

1.097

17.520

10.282

0.0711

 

 

60%

0.1

4.204

4.204

2.591

0.4219

 

 

162.20

0.05

2.812

5.625

3.468

0.2436

0.025

1.587

6.350

3.916

0.1314

0.0125

1.205

9.643

5.945

0.0893

0.00625

0`999

15.993

9.860

0.0685

 

 

70%

0.1

3.028

3.028

2.318

0.4076

 

 

130.60

0.05

1.538

3.077

2.356

0.2046

0.025

1.038

4.155

3.181

0.1159

0.0125

0.901

7.212

5.522

0.0842

0.00625

0.744

12.387

9.484

0.0662

 

 

80%

0.1

2.361

2.361

1.964

0.4001

 

 

120.20

0.05

1.411

2.822

2.348

0.2044

0.025

1.293

5.174

4.304

0.1401

0.0125

0.940

7.526

6.261

0.0931

0.00625

 0.705

11.289

9.392

0.0734

 

 

90%

0.1

1.695

1.695

1.059

0.3221

 

 

160

0.05

1.577

3.155

1.972

0.2000

0.025

1.440

5.762

3.609

0.1246

0.0125

1.195

9.564

5.977

0.0897

0.00625

0.950

15.287

9.554

0.0666

 

 

100%

0.1

0.499

0.499

2.940

0.4455

 

1.75

0.05

0.411

0.823

4.704

0.2986

0.025

0.248

1.136

6.498

0.1919

0.0125

0.166

1.332

7.611

0.1095

0.00625

0.078

1.254

7.168

0.0520

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 50%

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 60%

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicilic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 70%

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicilic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 80%

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicilic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 90%

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicilic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 100%

 

 

Graph: 3, 5-dinitro salicilic acid solutions in ethanol water mixtures 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%.

 

 

CONCLUSION:

Conductivity study shows more importance in the area of solution chemistry in terms of intermolecular interactions. The equivalent conductance and specific conductance varies with the concentration of 3, 5-dinitro salicylic acid in the presence of solvent ethanol at varying proportion of ethanol water mixture. The dissociation constant value also enlightens the importance for the binary mixture in different concentrations. The equivalent conductance of electrolyte increases with dilution and reaches to a maximum. The degree of ionisation increases with dilution thereby increasing the total number of ions in solution the interaction taking place in the presence of solvent gives an idea about solute solvent interactions in the molecule at infinite dilution. This study also highlights the extent of dissociation, the solubility profile and the kinetics of a reaction in a binary liquid mixture.

 

REFERENCES:

1.     V. Radhika, P. Manikyamb, Conductance and solvation behaviour of benzimidazolium dichloromate in Dimethyl sulphoxide – Water mixture. Indian J. Chem. 47 (2) (2008) 18-20.

2.     J. Ishwara Bhat, T.N. Sree Latha, Effect of Ethanol on the solvation behaviour of BI3 in acetonitrile, methanol and DMF as a function of temperature, J. Mol. Liq, 116 (3) (2005) 175-180.

3.     Dip Singh Gill, H. Anand, A. Kumari, J.K. Puri, Study on the Comparative solvation behaviour of Na+ and Cu+ cations in acetonitrile N, N dimethyl formamide mixtures at 298, Natur forsch 59 (9) (2004) 615-620.

4.     Ajaya Bhattarai, Deepak Sapkota, Netra, P. Subedi, Manoj Khanal, P. Tulsi Niraula, Conductance of Sodium Nitrate in Methanol Water Mixtures at different temperatures, Nepal Journal of Science and Technology, 12 (2011) 187-192.

5.     S.M. Moazzem Hossen, Md. Shahidul Silam, Mir Monir Hossain, Mahammed Enamul Hoque, Gazi Akteruzzaman, Spectrophotometric Method for determination of dissociation constant of weak acid like 2, 4- Dinitrophenol in 1-Propanol-water mixtures at 24.5±0.5ºC, Der pharma Chemica, 4(4) (2012) 1375-1384.

6.     P. Deepali, M. L. Gulwade Narwade, K N, Wadodkar, Ultrasonic behavior in study of molecular interactions of substituted azole in N, N-dimethyl formamide at different temperatures and concentrations, Indian J Chem, 43(A) 2012.

7.     G. Arul, L. Palaniappan, Molecular interaction studies in the ternary mixture of cyclohexane + toluene + 2 – propano, Indian J Pure Appl Phys, 39 (2001) 561 – 564.

8.     A. Ali, S Abida, S. Hyder, A.K. Nain, Ultrasonic study and molecular interactions in binary liquid mixture, Indian J. Phys. 76B (5) (2002) 661–667.

9.     A. Ali, A.K. Nain, M. Kamil, Studies on molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures by viscosity and ultrasonic velocity measurements at 303.15 K, Thermochim. Acta, 274 (1996) 209.

10.  A. Ali, A.K. Nain, Ultrasonic study of molecular interactions in N, N-dimethylacetmide + ethanol binary mixtures at various temperature, Acoust. Lett. 19 (1996) 181.

11.  A. Ali, A.K. Nain, Ultrasonic measurements in ethylacetate and n-butanol, Ind. J. Pure Appl. Phys, 35 (1997) 729.

12.  A. Ali, S. Hyder, A.K. Nain, Ultrasonic study of molecular interaction in binary liquid mixtures at 30oC, Acoust. Lett., 21 (1998) 77.

13.  A. Ali, S. Hyder, A.K. Nain, Ultrasonic study of molecular interactions in binary mixtures of aprotic and invert solvents, J. Mol. Liq. 79 (1999) 89.

14.  R.J. Fort, W.R. Moore, Adiabatic copressibilities of binary liquid mixtures, Trans Faraday Sco. 61 (1965) 2105.

 

 

 

 

Received on 12.04.2020            Modified on 17.06.2020

Accepted on 29.07.2020         © RJPT All right reserved

Research J. Pharm. and Tech. 2021; 14(4):1989-1992.

DOI: 10.52711/0974-360X.2021.00352